Author(s)

J. Leppänen

Abstract

Massive concrete withstands blast wave and fragment impacts effectively, and consequently, reinforced concrete is commonly used for protective structures. An important issue is how the fragment impacts influence the concrete. It is well known that the behaviour of concrete exposed to fragment impacts leads to damage in the form of severe cracking as well as spalling. When fragments penetrate concrete deeply, scabbing may occur at the reverse side of the wall, or even perforation. However, our knowledge of how the fragment impacts influence the material properties of concrete is quite limited. To study this, experiments have been carried out in order to examine to what extent the concrete, at various depths, is affected by the fragments. Spherical steel fragments of radius 4 mm were shot against concrete blocks with dimensions of

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