Author(s)

CHRISTINA DIKOU, NIKOLAOS KOURNIATIS

Abstract

This paper explores the dynamic interconnection between plant-based agricultural waste and architectural construction and design, proposing a circular approach to material production aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with a particular emphasis on Goal 11: ‘Sustainable Cities and Communities’. Through an extensive literature review, it highlights best practices from countries such as The Netherlands, Germany, France, Japan, Australia and the United States, which integrate agricultural biomass into innovative architectural applications, effectively combining technological progress with environmental responsibility. Drawing inspiration from these international examples, Greece is examined as a potential driver of circular construction models, leveraging its strong agricultural profile and the currently underutilized potential of agricultural residues, such as olive pit biomass. A comparative analysis with other Mediterranean countries is conducted to assess the feasibility of incorporating such materials into the production of sustainable furniture and architectural structures, aiming to support local revitalization and reduce the carbon footprint of the construction sector. The main conclusion underscores that the development of bio-based materials from agricultural waste can catalyse new industries, boost local entrepreneurship, and foster technological innovation, contributing significantly to the creation of more resilient and sustainable cities, particularly in the Greek regions.

Keywords

circular construction, agricultural waste, bio-based materials, olive pit biomass, SDG 11, local development, architectural design, Agenda 2030