Author(s)

T. Roberts, J. White & Z. Mohammed

Abstract

This paper describes the procedure that may be used to apply the USGS two dimensional numerical model SUTRA to predict groundwater flow and salinity distribution for the boundary conditions that are likely to be encountered during the construction of a submerged tube tunnel. The paper discusses the method of calibration that may be adopted to assess relevant parameters and boundary conditions. These include coefficients of permeability, dispersion and leakage, together with the distribution of undisturbed groundwater levels and salinity at the boundary of the model. Case study examples are included. Introduction Submerged tube tunnels are suited to the crossing of r

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