Author(s)

Marco Zangrandi

Abstract

Statistical power analysis may be used to estimate the expected effectiveness of a bio-monitoring programme provided this being based on a statistically sound objective. The study, which is based on historical data, suggests that this type of programme can be used as reliable regulatory tool for pollution control measures in hot-spot areas. 1 Introduction Bio-indicator organisms are widely used to monitor the bio-availability of contaminant in the marine environment since three decades. The advantages that this technique presents on other methods are generally accepted* ^2 and several national monitoring programmes for chemical contamination rely on bio-indicator species. After the managerial aims of the programme being decided upon, the design of m

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