Author(s)

A.T. Willimas

Abstract

Sewage sources are varied and sewage may be discharged from long sea outfalls, sewage treatment plants, combined sewer overflows (CSO's), fly tipping, shipping, etc. The question of malfunctioning and badly designed CSO's is probably the biggest sewage problem for the 21*' Century. Removal of the dissolved/suspended pollutants allowing discharge of substantially clear water from sewage treatment plants (preliminary, primary, secondary and tertiary treatments) into the sea or rivers, is the usual solution, but incineration - which has long lead in times, and recycling are among factors to be considered. Sewage works were designed as plants for the removal of solids and organic matter from sewage and never to remove pathogenic bacteria. EC legislation will mean that sewage discharges f

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