Author(s)

T. Albrecht

Abstract

Costs for traction energy in electric rail transit systems do not only depend on the energy actually consumed by the single trains. Other major factors affecting the energy bill are power peaks, which stand for investment and sometimes for operating costs and the efficient use of energy regenerated during braking, which can contribute to reducing peaks and energy consumption. For constant headway operation on a single line, the headway itself and the interval between the departure times of two trains from the two different terminus stations (synchronization time) strongly influence energy consumption and power peaks. But these factors are mostly not fixed in favour of reducing energy costs but determined by traffic demand

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