Author(s)

D.J. Martin

Abstract

Growth in transport demand over recent years has caused environmental degredation in many urban areas. Particular challenges arise when a city's transport system is operating close to saturation. A wide range of techniques is being examined by local authorities to help solve these problems. This paper puts forward a performance assessment methodology of the effectiveness, the costs and the benefits available from these techniques. 1 Introduction The key trends in urban transport during the last few years have been an overall growth in transport demand and a growth in the modal shares of private cars and road freight vehicles. Along with these growth patterns have emerged problems of environmental degredation. Congestion, noise, pollutant emissions and accidents are all of concern to local authorities and the general public alike. The

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