Author(s)

S. von Mammen & C. Jacob

Abstract

Inspired by the construction behavior of social insects we have developed a computational model of a swarm to build architectural idea models in virtual three-dimensional space. Instead of following a blueprint for construction, the individuals of a swarm react to their local environment according to an innate behavioral script. Through the interplay of the swarm with its environment, interaction sequences take place that give rise to complex emergent constructions. The configuration of the swarm determines the character of the emerging architectural models. We breed swarms that meet our expectations through artificial evolution, a very general framework for computationally phrased optimization problems.We present several evolved, swarm-built architectural idea models and discuss their potential in regards to modern ecological architecture. Keywords: swarm grammar, ideal model, ecological architecture, bio-inspired computing, computer-aided design, computer-aided architectural design, generative representation, swarm intelligence, collective intelligence, artificial intelligence, artificial life, evolutionary computation, stigmergy, collaborative algorithm. 1 Introduction Flocks of birds, schools of fish and bee hives are prominent examples of swarm systems. In these, large numbers of individuals interact by following simple stimulus-reaction rules. Globally, the swarm exhibits collectively intelligent behavior. Examples of their emergent abilities are nest constructions of social insect swarms, like termite mounds, wasp nests and ant galleries [1].

Keywords

swarm grammar, ideal model, ecological architecture, bio-inspired computing, computer-aided design, computer-aided architectural design, generative representation, swarm intelligence, collective intelligence, artificial intelligence, artificial life, e