Author(s)

E. Evgin & C. Zhan

Abstract

A three dimensional anisotropic model is used to simulate the behaviour of oriented columnar grained sea ice under three dimensional loading conditions. The model is developed on the basis of microstructural studies on sea ice. It takes into account the inherent anisotropy due to crystal orientation, kinetics of microcracking and effects of microcracks on deformation. Model predictions are compared with experimental results. Introduction Most of the ice encountered on the lakes, rivers, and oceans are columnar grained ice. Fresh water columnar-grained ice often exhibits transverse isotropy with c-axis (optical axis) randomly oriented in the plane normal to the length of the columns. Sea

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